About us
We are a Czech-Slovak law firm with headquarters in Prague and Bratislava.
Since 2003, we have been providing comprehensive legal services for businesses in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Our clients are self-employed entrepreneurs and e-shops, small and medium-sized businesses and manufacturing companies, but also large multinational companies in the field of healthcare, engineering or retail, including the operation of shopping centres. Some have been with us since 2003, most of them we have been working for more than 10 years, but we also deal with budding entrepreneurs and start-ups.
Are you considering selling your business and wondering how to calculate the market value of your business?
We are LAWYERS and TAX ADVISORS with a focus on ACQUISITIONS.
We will guide you through the entire process, from the valuation of the company during the sale of the company, through the preparation of Due Diligence and contractual documentation, to the transfer of the company.
If you are considering selling a company, the basic question is of course what is its market value. There are many valuation methods for calculating the market value of a business, which are described in countless thick technical books, but the reality is that a company is always worth exactly what corresponds to the highest bid. However, for the purposes of selling the company, it is necessary to determine the approximate value of the company at the outset.
Why our law firm?
- Comprehensive legal services for companies
- We also deal with accounting and tax matters
- Legal solutions for the Czech and Slovak markets in one place
- More than 20 years of experience
- Verified references from long-term clients
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How to calculate the market value of a company – CALCULATOR
According to our experience, it is not necessary to pay consulting companies for complex calculations of the company’s value at the outset, let alone order expert opinions. For a quick and relatively accurate calculation of the value of ordinary companies, one of the methods based on multipliers, also used by large consulting and auditing companies, is often used, which is based on the EBITDA value and calculates a so-called transaction multiple that takes into account the business sector and further works with assets and liabilities.
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Depreciation, Interests and Taxes | Net profit for the accounting period | |
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Year 2022 | ||
Year 2021 |
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Long-term liabilities (loans and credits) |
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More about calculating the market value of a company
WE CLASSIFY THE INDIVIDUAL METHODS OF DETERMINING THE VALUE OF THE COMPANY INTO THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES:
- Methods based on income discounting – they are mostly based on an estimate of future cash flows, so it is necessary to establish an estimate of the expected income for at least 5 years ahead, which is often a problem. That is why data from previous years are used. The average annual return obtained in this way is discounted in the calculation by an interest rate that depends on the parameters of the company and on the industry in which it operates.
- Methods based on multipliers – are based on multiples of certain financial parameters, e.g. EBITDA, sales, net profit, etc. The multiples are based on the statistics of relevant completed transactions of comparable companies in the given industry. This can again be a problem, as such data may not always be of good quality, or even not available. Therefore, average or usual multiples are often used.
- Methods based on the value of assets – relevant are own tangible and intangible assets, receivables, stocks, money in the account and other assets that have their own value, and liabilities such as loans, credits, trade payables and others are deducted. It is based on data recorded in accounting; however, the value of assets is adjusted to market value.
Description of calculation using EBITDA
We determine the amount of EBITDA: = profit before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (abbreviation from the English name Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization).
We determine the amount of EBITDA from the profit and loss statement within the financial statements for the relevant accounting period by starting from the net profit and adding income tax, interest expense and depreciation as follows:
Economic result for the accounting period = net profit (EAT) | line of the statement marked *** |
+ Income tax for ordinary activities statement | line marked L |
= Earnings Before Taxes (EBT) statement | line marked ** |
+ Expense interest and similar expenses statement | line marked J |
= Profit for the accounting period before interest a after taxation (EBIT) | is not reported in the statement/td> |
+ Adjustments of values in the operating area (depreciation/amortization) | statement line marked E |
= = Profit for the accounting period before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) |
To make the calculation relevant, we usually calculate the average EBITDA for the last 3 years.
Multiple/Transaction multiple: We multiply the result by the transaction multiple corresponding to the given industry.
Transaction multiples usually range from 3 to 7, for companies with EBITDA over CZK 50 million per year, higher transaction multiples can then be expected. It depends on the industry in which the company operates.
Non-operating assets: According to the agreement with the investor, the value of non-operating assets (NA) can then be added (money and other tangible and intangible assets not needed for operation). In such a case, the investor pays for the company a price increased by these “free” asset values, which may in certain circumstances be more advantageous than taking them out of the company before the sale, since the owner receives a price for these asset values in the form of a corresponding increased price for a share in the company (share in s.r.o. or shares in a.s.), where the income for these shares will usually be exempt from income tax. If the investor is not interested in these non-operating assets, or on the contrary the owner wants to keep these assets for himself, then these values are not included in the calculation and are taken out of the company before the sale, for example by direct sale to another interested party or division by spin-off into a successor company under the control of the owner (Transfer of assets (real estate) from the company to the partner and income tax).
On the other hand, operating assets (money and other tangible and intangible assets necessary for operation) are not taken into account, as they are essentially means of production necessary to generate profit, which remain in the company, and whose value is already taken into account in the calculation using gross operating profit.
Liabilities: We subtract long-term liabilities (long-term loans and credits) from the value of the company, as these are not related to the needs of the operating cycle itself, and do not necessarily burden the company and must be repaid at some point in the future. For the investor, it is therefore a future cost in the nominal value of a long-term obligation, which he can eventually repay from the increased equity if he is no longer interested in using these external resources.
Conversely, short-term liabilities are usually not taken into account, as they are related to the course of the company’s operating cycle and are paid during the operating cycle.
Operating cycle = inventory turnover time + receivables collection time This is the time during which the company turns products into cash on the account or in the cash register. The indicator expresses how many days it takes to sell inventory and subsequently how many days it takes to collect receivables. Simply put, the operating cycle represents the time it takes to convert current assets into cash.
Furthermore, of course, the calculation of the value of the company is influenced by various factors, the most important of which can also be taken into account in the calculation. For example, it is possible to take into account the annual decrease or increase in sales, if the company operates without an owner or, conversely, if the role of the owner is essential. Furthermore, whether the given industry is stable, showing growth or decline, as well as whether the company owns products and end customers or is dependent on a distribution chain that is not under its control.
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